Early Cosmos was warm, not cold !

Almost unexpected-

A science team's findings from radio signals indicate the early universe was found to be a little bit warmer than thought. It has been assumed the early universe would be quite cold before it "lit up". That is after reionization ended the 'dark ages' and the opaque gasses thinned enough for stars to shine.

This was painstakingly done in radio astronomy to filter out all kinds of other signals including even local signals and the telescope itself to isolate the "faint" signal at the end of the "dark ages", according to Dr. Nunhokee explaining the 10 year study.

This was done on 21 cm Power Spectrum at z=6.5-7.0.

This was accomplished by using the MSW, Murchison Widefield Array by the ICRAR, International Center of Radio Astronomy Research located in Western Australia.

Another phase of the study was lead by Professor Cathryn Trott of the Epoch of Reionization, ICRAR. They had viewed that: 'As the universe evolved, the gas between galaxies expands and cools, so we would expect it to be very, very cold.'

'Our measurements show that it is at least heated by a certain amount. Not by a lot, but it tells us that very cold reionization is ruled out. That's really interesting.'

'The research suggest this heating is likely driven by the energy from early sources of X-rays from early black holes and stellar remnants spreading through the universe.'

'The signal is definitely buried in there. It's just improving on our data, and getting more data, cleaner data, to research it.'

Two papers are published in the "Astrophysical Journal", appx. 10.3847/1538-4357.

This could tie in with conjectures of the presence of warm dark matter and other ideas about an early warm cosmos and subsequent developments.